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Colorectal Cancer (CRC) represents 10% of all cancer diagnoses and cancer-related deaths worldwide. It is the 2nd most common cancer in women and the 3rd most common in men. Geographically, incidence is higher in developed countries, but the creation of nationwide surveillance programs, the increasing uptake of colonoscopy, and the adoption of lifestyle changes, as well as the continuing progress in developing countries, will lead to a stabilization/decrease of incidence in highly developed countries and increase in developing ones.
Epidemiological studies show an association with hereditary and environmental risk factors, mainly male sex, increasing age, family history (10-20%), hereditary syndromes, longstanding inflammatory bowel disease, smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, increased body weight, and high intake of processed meat.
Diagnosis is usually done in two different settings: screening or symptom investigation, through endoscopic or radiologic exams.
Clinical staging is essential to guide treatment strategies, from the use of neoadjuvant treatment to the type of surgical resection proposed.
Prognosis will depend on the staging at diagnosis and the location of the tumor.
To honor the Colorectal Cancer Awareness Month, AIS Channel is going all over the World to know and share the different realities regarding epidemiology, screening, diagnosis and treatment of this disease.
After Angola, Australia, China, Mexico, the Netherlands, and Portugal, where do you think we should go next?